What type of mortgage generally has a lower initial payment but can adjust over time?

An adjustable-rate mortgage (ARM) typically has a lower initial payment compared to other mortgage types because it often starts with a lower interest rate for an initial period, which can make it more appealing for borrowers during that timeframe. This lower rate is beneficial in early years, allowing borrowers to afford higher loan amounts or maintain lower monthly payments while they adjust to homeownership costs.

As time progresses, the interest rate adjusts based on a specified index or market conditions, which can lead to higher payments after the initial fixed-rate period ends. This characteristic is what distinguishes ARMs from fixed-rate mortgages, which maintain the same interest rate throughout the life of the loan, and other mortgage types that do not involve significant adjustments to payment structures.

The flexibility and potential for lower payments at the beginning can significantly affect budgeting and financial planning for individuals or families, making ARMs a popular choice, despite their variability in the long term.